Research
PUBLISHED PAPERS
Iftikhar Yasin, Nawaz Ahmad, Mohammad Aslam Chaudhary, 2020
Abstract
This study endeavors to explore the bearing of financial development, political institutions, urbanization, and trade openness on CO2 emanations in a group of 59 less-developed countries, over the period of 1996–2016. In order to estimate environmental impacts of aforementioned series, we used cross-sectionally weighted Estimated Generalized Least Square (EGLS) methodology, Arellano-Bond Generalized Method of Moment (A-B GMM), and Orthogonal-Deviation GMM (O-D GMM). The study finds that financial development, urbanization, composition effect (measured by capital/labor ratio) and energy consumption deteriorate environmental quality. Our results confirmed the prevalence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) proposition which undertakes upturned-U shape bond amid economic growth and pollution emanations. Furthermore, institutions and foreign trade are found to have beneficial environmental impact. This study suggests resilient institutional reforms and comprehensively integrated environmental quality concerns in financial reforms to help to mitigate pollution emanations and achieve sustained economic growth in less-developed economies.
Full text available Click Here
Cite this article:
Yasin, I., Ahmad, N. & Chaudhary, M.A. The impact of financial development, political institutions, and urbanization on environmental degradation: evidence from 59 less-developed economies. Environ Dev Sustain (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00885-w
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Abstract
This study stabs to probe the impact of financial development, urbanization, trade openness, political institutions, and energy consumption on the ecological footprints (EF), within the framework of EKC, of 110 countries congregated by income levels, over the time span of 1996–2016. The final outcome of cross-sectionally weighted Panel EGLS and multi-step A-B GMM evidently reinforced the existence of EKC hypothesis in case of EF both in developed and less-developed countries. This study finds the destructive environmental impact of composition effect and energy consumption while political institutions, trade openness, and urbanization have constructive environmental effect. Financial development reduces the human demand on nature only in less-developed countries. The ultimate consequences of this study are equipped with several policy recommendations for the concerned authorities.
22 July 2019, Social Indicators Research
Project: Financial Development and Environmental Degradation
Click for text at Researchgate
3. BI-DIRECTIONAL ASSOCIATIONS AMONG EDUCATIONAL QUALITY, INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIAL INCLUSION: SEM ANALYSIS
Aribah Aslam, Naheed Sultana, Iftikhar Yasin, 2017
Abstract
The new Development Economics is not only considerate about improving the material conditions of any society, but also enhancing the terms on which citizens can actively participate in a society's development; in broader terms this is called social inclusion. High literacy rates, alone cannot breed a socially inclusive society. Accordingly, not only quantity but also quality of education is equally important. This study explores the bi-directional relationships between educational quality and social inequality in inclusion and the role of their determinants, most importantly impact of institutions on social inclusion for four Asian countries. Educational quality has a positive and significant association with Social inclusion, teacher student ratio and primary education completion rate. Similarly, results supported the notion that improving education quality will affect social inclusion. Institutional change can play a significant role in such a case, which could only take place with public development policies based upon providence of quality and equity of education among masses.
2017, Pakistan Economic and Social Review
________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. BI-DIRECTIONAL ASSOCIATIONS AMONG EDUCATIONAL QUALITY, INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIAL INCLUSION: SEM ANALYSIS
Aribah Aslam, Naheed Sultana, Iftikhar Yasin, 2017
Abstract
The new Development Economics is not only considerate about improving the material conditions of any society, but also enhancing the terms on which citizens can actively participate in a society's development; in broader terms this is called social inclusion. High literacy rates, alone cannot breed a socially inclusive society. Accordingly, not only quantity but also quality of education is equally important. This study explores the bi-directional relationships between educational quality and social inequality in inclusion and the role of their determinants, most importantly impact of institutions on social inclusion for four Asian countries. Educational quality has a positive and significant association with Social inclusion, teacher student ratio and primary education completion rate. Similarly, results supported the notion that improving education quality will affect social inclusion. Institutional change can play a significant role in such a case, which could only take place with public development policies based upon providence of quality and equity of education among masses.
2017, Pakistan Economic and Social Review
Click for full text
Abstract
Suggested Citation:
Suggested Citation:
Naqvi, Syed Muhammad Muddassir Abbas and Javed, Zahoor Hussain and Yasin, Iftikhar, Do Social Factors Affect Poverty? A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis of 23 Selected Developing Countries (May 15, 2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3634525 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3634525
Working Papers
Iftikhar Yasin, 2020
Abstract
In this study, the dynamic nexus between environmental pollutants and trade openness has been analyzed. The impact of economic growth, energy consumption, foreign trade, and institutional quality on carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and greenhouse gasses (GHGs) emissions has been examined using time series data for Pakistan over the period 1970-2013. The integration properties of the variables have been investigated using ADF, PP, and DF-GLS unit root tests. Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds testing approach to co-integration is used for short-run and long-run associations among the series. We find the substantiation of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in the long-run, in case of CO2 emissions. In case of CO2 emissions, the composition and technique effects are found to have beneficial impact while the scale, trade, and energy consumption have devastating environmental effect. Trade openness has adverse effect on the environment through N2O emissions. The study suggests that energy efficiency should be improved across all sectors by introducing technically improved and green technologies.
Keywords: Environmental Kuznets Curve, EKC, Trade, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous Oxide, ARDL, Pakistan
JEL Classification: Q5,Q53,Q56
Suggested Citation
Yasin, Iftikhar, Putrefaction Analysis of Environmental Impacts of Trade in Pakistan: Scale, Composition, and Technique Effects (June 12, 2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3625595 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3625595
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Asymmetric Dynamics of Environmental Bearings of Trade and Energy Consumption in Pakistan
Iftikhar Yasin, 2020Abstract
This study endeavors to investigate asymmetric bearing of energy use, composition effect, foreign trade, and economic prosperity, on the carbon dioxide emanation of Pakistan from 1970 to 2015. This study adopts nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model methodology to cointegration to capture the potential asymmetries. We also incorporated asymmetric and non-asymmetric granger causality approach to analyze the causality amongst series. The empirical results indicate that energy use, economic upswing, and foreign trade are not environment friendly. The NARDL results suggest that energy efficient technologies and renewable energy should be adopted to alleviate the CO2 emissions.
Keywords: CO2 Emissions, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, NARDL, Trade, Pakistan
JEL Classification: Q, Q01, Q4, Q5, Q53, Q56, Q58Suggested Citation:
Yasin, Iftikhar, Asymmetric Dynamics of Environmental Bearings of Trade and Energy Consumption in Pakistan (July 4, 2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3643464 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3643464
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Do Social Factors Affect Poverty? A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis of 23 Selected Developing Countries
Syed Muhammad Muddassir Abbas
Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Abstract
This research paper aims at investigating the social factors affecting poverty in selected developing countries which was hardly been investigated, yet. We incorporated income poverty index (poverty headcount ratio and poverty gap) and human poverty index as dependent variables, while social factors have been used as explanatory variables, through 1997-2016, for a group of twenty three developing nations. Whereas poverty indices have been constructed through PCA (Principal Component Analysis). Pesaran and Friedman CD (Cross-Dependence) tests have been applied to confirm the occurrence of cross-dependency in the panel data, while CIPS (second generation panel unit root) test has been applied to verify stationary of the variables. Besides, different first generation panel unit root tests have also been applied to confirm stationary of the variables. We applied Pedroni panel co-integration to check for the existence of long-run linkages among the variables, while System and difference GMM (one step) techniques have been used to find dynamic effects on poverty. The results conclude that age dependency ratio showed positive and significant relationship with poverty, whereas, social globalization depicted negative and significant relationship with poverty. Nevertheless, health (life expectancy at birth) and education (primary school enrolment) have negative relationship with poverty in both income and human poverty models, while, in income poverty model, these variables have insignificant impacts and in human poverty model, they have significant associations. Similarly, population growth has positive associations with poverty in the income and human poverty models.
Keywords: Poverty, Social factors, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Pedroni panel co-integration test, CD (Cross-Dependence), CIPS, Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM)
JEL Classification: A14, O1, O15Suggested Citation:
Naqvi, Syed Muhammad Muddassir Abbas and Javed, Zahoor Hussain and Yasin, Iftikhar, Do Social Factors Affect Poverty? A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis of 23 Selected Developing Countries (May 15, 2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3634525 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3634525